Introduction

Selecting the right pipes for your plumbing and heating systems is a mission-critical task that greatly impacts the efficiency, durability, and overall performance of these systems. It's much more than just deciding on a random pipe; it's an important decision that influences not only the construction phase but also the operation and maintenance throughout the system’s lifespan. There are many plastic water pipes on the market. Today's article will make a comprehensive comparison for different types of plastic water pipes for plumbing and heating system.

Differences from PEX, PERT, PPR, PVC and CPVC

pex b vs pex a

PEX Pipes (Cross-Linked Polyethylene)

What is pex pipe? PEX (cross-linked polyethylene) pipes are a series of pipes, including PEX A, PEX B, PEX C, etc. The production process requires polyethylene to be cross-linked by silane.

Size: Comes in sizes ranging from 1/4 inch to 2 inches or 12mm to 63mm. 1/2”, 3/4”, 1” pex tube or 16mm, 20mm 25mm pex pipe is the popular sizes.

Application: Used primarily for hot and cold water plumbing supply lines and radiant heating systems. Can also be used for ice or snow melting projects.

Pressure: Withstands pressures up to 160 psi at 73.4°F and 100 psi at 180°F. The pex pipe pressure rating about 6-8bar.

Temperature: The maximum allowable temperature is 200°F, about 95℃.

Cost: PEX is generally cheaper than copper, with prices varying based on pex pipe sizes and manufacturer.

PERT (Polyethylene Raised Temperature)

What is PERT pipe? The materials for PERT pipes is heat-resistant polyethylene PE-RT, which is extruded after high-temperature melting. The raw material of the pipe is non-toxic and there is no cross-linking in the manufacturing process.

Size: Comes in sizes from 16mm to 63mm.

Application: Mainly used in heating systems such as underfloor heating, radiator connections, and central heating pipelines.

Pressure: Can withstand pressures up to 145 psi at 68°F.

Temperature: Can handle up to 180°F continuously and 203°F for short time periods.

Cost: PERT pipes are cost-effective and generally cheaper than metal pipes and Pex pipe.

For more information for PEX VS PERT pipe, you can read this article PEX PIPE VS PERT PIPE, what's the difference?

pert pipe fittings

PPR (Polypropylene Random Copolymer)

What is PPR pipe? PPR (Polypropylene Random Copolymer) pipes are a type of plastic pipes widely used in various applications. They are made from a special type of polypropylene, which is formed through a process of polymerization of propylene.

Size: Sizes range typically from 20mm up to 160mm.

Application: Widely used for both hot and cold potable water piping systems and central heating systems.

Pressure: Handles pressures up to 100 psi at 200°F, about 95℃

Temperature: Able to withstand continuous temperatures up to 158°F and 203°F for short durations.

Cost: Prices can vary widely, but PPR is generally more expensive than both PEX and PERT due to its superior chemical resistance and temperature handling capabilities.

For the PEX, PERT and PPR pipe, they can be made in multilayer pipes PEX-AL-PEX pipe, PERT-AL-PERT and PPR-AL-PPR pipe, which have higher working pressure and temperature. The pressure rate for PEX-AL-PEX and PERT-AL-PERT can be 10 bar, and PPR-AL-PPR Pipe can be 25 bar, temperature up to 110 ℃.

ppr pipe vs pex pipe

PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)

What is PVC pipe? PVC (Polyvinic Chloride) pipes are a type of plastic pipe that are popularly utilized across various construction applications. This type of pipe is known for its durability and cost-effectiveness. PVC is another calling for UPVC.

Size: PVC pipes range in size from 1/2 inch to 5 inches.

Application: Commonly used in drains, waste, and vent piping systems. Not suitable for hot water supply.

Pressure: Capable of handling pressures up to 120 psi at room temperature.

Temperature: Not appropriate for applications exceeding 140°F (60℃)

Cost: PVC is one of the most cost-effective options. However, it has limitations in temperature handling and chemical resistance.

pvc and cpvc pipe and fittings

CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride)

What is CPVC pipe? CPVC (Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride) pipes are a type of plastic piping that are known for their high-temperature tolerance and corrosion resistance.

Size: Ranging from 1/2 inch to 2 inches.

Application: Used for hot and cold potable water distribution and corrosive fluid handling due to its greater temperature resistance than PVC.

Pressure: It can handle pressures up to 100 psi at 200°F, about 95℃.

Temperature: Has a maximum service temperature up to 200°F, higher than PVC.

Cost: CPVC is slightly more expensive than PVC due to its enhanced properties but is cheaper than copper and PPR pipes.

PVC vs CPVC pipe and fittings, PVC usually is used for cold water, and CPVC is for hot water.

Other types of plastic water pipes

Some other plastic pipe varieties like ABS, HDPE, PP and PB pipes are also mentioned in the results, but PEX, CPVC, PVC, PE-RT and PPR emerge as the five most common and popular choices for plumbing and heating systems based on their properties and applications covered across the sources.

Tips for Choosing the Right Pipes

Choosing the right pipes for your project is instrumental in ensuring a functional and durable system, and several important factors should be considered in your decision.

Local Regulations

Every region has its own set of building regulations which include guidelines for plumbing systems. These are safety measures in place to ensure that the right materials are utilized. You need to check local regulations to understand what types of pipes are approved for different applications - water supply, wastewater, or gas supply, for example.

Temperature Requirements

Different pipe materials can handle various ranges of temperatures. PVC is typically used for cold water or outdoor applications while CPVC is a better choice for hot water as it can handle higher temperatures. If your project involves the transportation of hot water or fluids, you should consider piping materials that can withstand the heat.

Intended Function

Understand the function of the pipe before choosing. Factors like the pressure of the fluid being transported, whether the pipe is meant for waste or clean water, and if it will be installed indoors or outdoors, all play a big role in selecting the right pipe. For example, PPR pipes are good for indoor plumbing of hot and cold water, while PVC pipes are often used for waste discharge and vent pipes.

Professional Advice

Always seek professional advice before choosing pipes. Plumbing professionals have the technical knowledge and experience to evaluate your specific project and recommend the most suitable pipe material and dimensions. They will consider factors beyond the basic material properties, including project budget, pipe lifespan, joint quality, and more.

Cost Considerations

While cost is an obvious factor, it shouldn't be the only one. It's necessary to balance the cost aspect with the quality and suitability of the pipe for the intended purpose. Saving money on initial installation by choosing cheaper or inappropriate materials could lead to increased maintenance costs later.

Environmental Factors

Each environment has unique considerations, such as the presence of corrosive soil or extremely hot or cold temperatures, that could influence the choice of pipe material. Soil that is highly acidic, for example, could erode some metal pipes.

Long-Term Durability

Consider the lifespan of the different pipe materials. A more durable material may be more expensive upfront but could save money in the long run with fewer repairs needed.

pex compression fittings

In conclusion, the choice of pipes should not be taken lightly but instead should consider all of these factors. Aligning these factors with the strengths and weaknesses of each type of pipe will ensure a more effective and long-lasting pipe system. If you have more questions, welcome to contact us